Second isomorphism theorem for rings

A subring modulo its intersection with an ideal is isomorphic to its image in the corresponding quotient.
Second isomorphism theorem for rings

Second isomorphism theorem (rings): Let RR be a ring, let ARA\subseteq R be a , and let IRI\triangleleft R be an . Then AIAA\cap I\triangleleft A, A+I:={a+i:aA, iI}A+I:=\{a+i:a\in A,\ i\in I\} is a subring of RR, and there is a natural isomorphism

A/(AI)  (A+I)/I A/(A\cap I)\ \cong\ (A+I)/I

of .

This is most efficiently proved by restricting the quotient map RR/IR\to R/I to AA and applying the .