Cosets Partition a Group

Left (or right) cosets of a subgroup form a partition of the ambient group
Cosets Partition a Group

Cosets Partition a Group: Let GG be a and let HGH\le G be a . Then the set of left {gH:gG}\{gH : g\in G\} forms a of GG (and similarly for right cosets {Hg:gG}\{Hg:g\in G\}).

More precisely: every gGg\in G lies in the left coset gHgH, and any two left cosets are either equal or disjoint.

Proof sketch: If xgHgHx\in gH\cap g'H, then x=gh=ghx=gh=g'h' for some h,hHh,h'\in H, hence g1g=hh1Hg^{-1}g'=hh'^{-1}\in H and so gH=gHg'H=gH. Thus distinct cosets cannot intersect.